Thermal pollution, sometimes called “thermal enrichment,” is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature. Thermal pollution is the rise or fall in the temperature of a natural body of water caused by the human influences. Thermal pollution, unlike chemical pollution, results in a changes in the physical properties of water.

The Main Cause of Thermal Pollution

Many humans and natural factors contribute to the problem of thermal Pollution. The single biggest causes of thermal pollution are probably cooling for industrial machinery and power plants. Water is the excellent cooling agent. This is why many industrial operations pull in relatively cool water to cool their machinery and let the relatively warm water flow back into the river, lake or sea.

Sources of Thermal Power Plant

1. Nuclear Power Plant
2. Coal-fired power Plant
3. Industrial Effluents
4. Domestic Sewage
5. Hydro-electric power
6. Thermal Power Plant

It can be occurring from water being pulled and released from natural water bodies. In the most cases, the water temperature is increased. However, a distinctive form of thermal pollution involves cold water being released into natural water bodies from storage reservoirs.

 Causes 

•  Use of water as a cooling agent in industrial plants
•  Soil erosion
•  Runoff from paved surfaces
•  Natural causes
•  Deforestation

The effects of thermal pollution may start with a decrease in dissolved oxygen that affects the aquatic life, but it’s likely that the damage won’t stop there. In addition to killing fish and other animals, thermal pollution can be cause organisms to consume more food than they usually consume. As a result of the food chain also may be disrupted. The food chain may also be disrupted by species migrating to environments that can be sustain their survival.

 Control Steps

•    Cooling Towers – Cooling towers can regulate the water temperature very well by transferring heat from hot water to…
•    Cooling Ponds – Cooling ponds or reservoirs are the most widely used technique for Substantial temperature reductions.
•    Spray Ponds – In spray ponds, the water coming out from the condensers pass into the pond through water sprayer.
•   Other Preventive Measures also control Thermal Pollution.

 Prevention

1.  Heat water from the industries can treated before discharging directly to the water bodies.
2.  Heat water from the industries can be treated by the installation of cooling ponds and cooling towers.
3.   Industrial treated water can be recycled for domestic use or industrial heating.
4.   Through artificial lakes – In this lake Industries can be discharge their used or heated water at one end and water for cooling purposes may be withdrawn from the other end. The heat is eventually dissipated through evaporation.

Co-generation

Co-generation is also a wonderful idea to combat thermal pollution. In this process of co-generation, the useless heat from hot water can be recycled and used smartly in many tasks by industries.

Thermal pollution is a dangerous threat to our planet earth. If we do not start taking precautions for the same now, the problem will keep on expanding, degrading the quality of water and adversely affecting the aquatic plants and animals.

In conclusion, thermal pollution has been devastating effects on marine life. Keeping marine life healthy is most important for the air we breathe and the world we live in. With water covering 70% of the Earth’s surface and being one of our most important natural resources, we must do everything we can to protect it. When it comes to thermal pollution, there are few ways one individual can be really reducing their contribution. As for a power plants and big industrial sites, they can do much to reduce thermal pollution. As a contributing member of society, we should all have find ways to reduce our carbon footprint.

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Air Pollution – Health Risk of ADHD 

              Air Pollution – Health Risk of ADHD is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders. Affecting up to 5-10% of children, it can be bought on by exposure to the environmental toxic like a lead, maternal drug use, alcohol use or smoking during pregnancy and now, air pollution.

ADHD Affected in Child

            ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental condition in children, which sometimes continues in adulthood. It is a complex condition, difficult to diagnose, and with no curable. If left unchecked, ADHD can be impact children’s performance at school and their relationships with parents and peers. It is a more common in boys than girls and it affects 1 in 20 children.

Neurodevelopmental Disorder

                 The research, published in the journal Environment International, found that children living in the greener and less polluted areas have a 50 per cent lower risk of developing ADHD, one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders.

Air Pollution – Health Risk of ADHD Children who live in greener, less polluted places have a 50% decreased risk of having ADHD, one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, according to study published in the journal “Environment International”. Children who are exposed to a lot of pollution are more likely to develop ADHD.

ADHD & air pollution :

         Data on ADHD cases was obtained from hospital records, physician visits, and prescriptions during the study, which spanned the years 2000 to 2001.

           The disorder is generally diagnosed during the first years of school but it can be manifest differently from child to child. It is cause, however, has been a subject of debate among researchers. In 2018, a study identified regions of the DNA associated with ADHD, for instances. But scientists have also been studying other factors, with no clear answers on many of them as far. This is due to Air Pollution affects the health risk of ADHD.https://youtu.be/iMTXlIIVVrE

    Air Pollution – Health Risk of ADHD 

  The percentage of green space in the participants’ neighborhood was calculated using a new and exact satellite metric, and the residential levels of two air pollutants — NO2 and PM 2.5 – as well as noise levels were calculated using existing exposure models.

Study Result

The results are consistent with previous studies, which found associations between the green space and air pollution, respectively, with ADHD. However, the most of the research conducted until now focused on the evaluation of single exposures and rarely evaluated joint effects of multiple environmental exposures.

This study identified a total of 1,217 ADHD cases, which represents 4.2% of the sampled population. The participants living in areas with a larger percentage of vegetation had a lower risk of ADHD. More specifically, the study showed that a 12% increase in vegetation was linked with a 10% drop in the risk of having ADHD.

     The outcomes have been in keeping with earlier research, which discovered associations between the inexperienced house and the Air pollution, respectively, with ADHD. Nevertheless, many of the analysis performed till now centers on the analysis of single exposures and the infrequently evaluated joint results of a number of environmental exposures.

“We are noticed that the kids are dwelling in greener neighborhoods with a low Air pollution had a considerably decreases of dangerous ADHD. That is an environmental inequality the place, in flip, these kids are dwelling in areas with a larger air pollution and the fewer greenness face a disproportionally larger.

Air Pollution – ADHD

 While the direct link between the air pollution and the development of ADHD isn’t fully understood, researchers list several possibilities, including disruption of the endocrine system, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and interference with placental growth factors resulting in decreased exchange of oxygen and nutrients.

“These associations are significantly related as the results of exposures happening in formative year, an important interval for mind growth place kids are particularly susceptible. Importantly, these exposures are modifiable, that means that the findings need to be taken under consideration for healthier city planning,” she added.

Healthy Air from Your Home

        Protecting your family’s health begins with the health of your home.

Air Pollution – Heart Related Hazards

We know that what we’re looking at when brown haze settles over a city, exhaust billows across a busy highway, or a plume rises from a smokestack. Some air pollution is not seen, but its pungent smell alerts for you.

According to The American Heart Association, someone dies from cardiovascular disease every 40 seconds in the United States. Almost half of an Americans have at least one of three main risk factors for heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and a smoking habit. Doctor’s tells their patients to exercise more, watch what they eat, and to quit smoking to lower their cardiovascular risk, but there are other factors that we should be also recognize as having an impact on our heart health, like air pollution exposure.

An association between the high levels of anthropogenic air pollutants and human illnesses has been known for more than half of a century. A few episodes of markedly increased of mortality rates during extreme elevations in urban pollution.

Air Pollution – Heart Related Hazards

Each year, an American Heart Association, in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health & other government agencies, compiles up-to-date statistics on heart disease & other Heart vascular diseases.

Pollution can come from traffic, factories, power generation, wildfires or even cooking with a wood stove. One of the most common indoor sources is smoking, a dangerous to the person lighting up and to those nearby.

MESA

MESA Air provides evidence that the long-term exposure to air pollution is a cardiovascular disease risk factor, that should be taken as seriously. In addition of encouraging policy makers to consider as the long-term impacts of low levels of air particle pollution and motivating healthcare providers to the effects of air pollution on the cardiovascular system, the study emphasizes the importance of monitoring air quality to protect heart.

People are breathing in air pollution like carbon monoxide and particulate matter, which are tiny air particles composed of noxious substances. Some researchers are concerned about particulates that is 2.5 micrometers or smaller, which is most commonly found in car exhaust. The small size of these particulates are allows them to easily enter the body and poses a greater risk to the circulatory system than other common pollutants.

Medical researchers are particularly concerned about pollution particles smaller than 2.5 microns, which are usually related to fuel combustion. Because they are so tiny, they aren’t easily screened and more readily enter the human body. Then they begin to irritate the lungs and blood vessels around the heart. Data suggests that over time pollutants aggravate or increase the process of disease in the arteries.

Avoiding Air Pollution when You Have a Heart Condition

While it is nearly impossible to avoid all the forms of air pollution, it is recommended that heart disease patients avoid spending a long periods of time in areas of high pollution, such as near busy roads, factories or railways.

Being physically active can be improve heart and circulatory health, but consider reducing the amount of exercise have done outdoors if the air pollution in your area is high.

Epidemiology studies have used blood and urine to look for mechanistic markers for the cardiovascular changes.

Range

•      6.9 percent increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, with a stronger association between the pollution and cardiac arrests in men and people 65 and older.
•      2.07 percent increase in emergency department visits for ischemic heart disease.
•      1.86 percent increases in hospitalizations for ischemic heart disease, with a stronger association in women and people 65 and older.
•           The risk of death is greater from long-term exposure. Current science suggests air pollution facilitates atherosclerosis development and progression, said the scientific panel that worked on the statement. It also may play a role in high blood pressure heart failure and diabetes.https://youtu.be/d9K6JqFBrvA